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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Workplace
Subject
The topic of the resource
Workplace, 2016
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
University of Memphis Libraries
Rights
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Digital Image © 2016, University of Memphis Libraries Preservation and Special Collections Department. All rights reserved.
Description
An account of the resource
The twentieth century gave women newfound freedoms that challenged the ideas of womanhood. As technologies advanced and conflicts arose, women were able to show their abilities through a new medium, the workplace. Female employment from the early twentieth century until the 1970s increased almost sixfold.[1] During this time, the greatest increase was seen during World War II. This time is marked by an increased need for manual labor and manufacturing jobs while men were away fighting the war. These jobs were seen as men’s work, and post-war men were able to return to their previous occupations. In many cases, women returned home or into clerical or service work. <br /><br />Women working outside of their homes in the earlier half of the twentieth century were generally poor and of lower social status. However, as educational opportunities broadened, women’s worldview began to expand. This is seen through their civic engagement, such as: Girl Scouts, Parent-Teacher Association, and nursery schools.[2] <br /><br />As opportunities grew for woman to learn and invest, it challenged the ideas that women were mentally and physically inadequate. From the early 1900s to the 1970s, many see a shift in the ideas of the role women should play. Women were no longer stuck in their position as service or clerical workers. Instead, the sharpest increase in female employment occurred in the middle-class in professional arena.[3] This is in stark contrast to most women who worked in low-paying, lessor jobs in the earlier 1900s. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw exemplifies the expanding opportunities for women in the workplace. She was born in Little Rock, AR but considered herself a native Memphian. Patricia’s parents had intentions of shielding her from any discrimination, as an African American and as a woman. She grew up in a tight-knit black community within Little Rock, experiencing little reality regarding the rest of the world’s view of minorities. At the age of 15, Shaw had dreams of following her grandfather’s footsteps in the world of business. She had plans to become a stockbroker. Shaw began going to school at Fisk University in Nashville, TN where she met her current husband and began studying business. After her time at Fisk, Shaw then transferred to the school of business at the University of Michigan and finished her schooling with a Master’s degree from the University of Chicago. After graduating, Patricia Shaw began to seek out jobs within that pertained to her degrees in business.[4] <br /><br />Business opportunities for women were limited in this era. In an interview Shaw stated that as a black female “there were no opportunities in that day.” [5] Tired of a dead end in her job search, Shaw was forced to look for another profession in social work. In order to find a job in social work at the time, those interested were only required to pass a test. Social work was considered a woman’s job in comparison to various careers in business. Shaw moved back to Nashville while working as a social worker and began to earn her masters in the field. After transferring to school in Memphis, Shaw decided to change career paths once again. Her grandfather’s company, Universal Life Insurance, was a corporation where she believed that her destiny lied. Shaw began working, with her father, for Universal in July of 1966 as a keypunch operator. Through her motivation to pursue a career in the business world and her refusal to acknowledge the world’s view of women as a minority, Shaw progressed in her company relatively fast. After six or seven years of working for Universal, Shaw’s hard work had paid off when she was promoted to become an officer for the company. She then progressed to become a vice president of Universal and then president after her grandfather’s death. Although Patricia Walker Shaw put forth hard work when in school and throughout her younger years, she still faced the discrimination of society when attempting to pursue a career in her dream field, a field that was predominantly white and male. After being forced to succumb to what was accepted, she took advantage of her family’s opportunities and accomplished her dreams as the president of Universal Life Insurance.[6] Considering the discrimination she encountered, Patricia Shaw became a very accomplished businesswoman despite many obstacles she had to endure. Along with being a woman in a male dominated business world, she was also a minority. Dr. E Walker, Shaw’s grandfather, founded Universal Life Insurance in 1923 and Shaw was determined to one day fill the shoes worn by her father and grandfather.[7] However, Shaw was not just given this opportunity; she worked her way up the ladder from the bottom to achieve her goal of one day becoming president of the company. Her work included keypunch operator, clerk and research analyst in Universal’s comptrollers division.[8] Shaw believed that her work as a research analyst and auditor of all the departments in Universal Life helped her succeed tremendously. “It really let me develop an overview and get a real feel for the whole company”.[9] Patricia Shaw soon began to make a name for herself in the business world in Memphis, TN. Patricia Walker Shaw successfully navigated the business world in a racially-divided and gender-conservative Memphis. In 1973 the Memphis City Council approved the Mayor’s appointment of Patricia Shaw to be the first woman in history of MLGW to serve on its board of directors. Mayor Wyeth Chandler said that “Mrs. Shaw had the business background for this position on the board and she seemed to be taking a responsible, concerned approach to board membership”. Shaw’s viewpoints of minority women and business was illustrated through a quote she gave the Memphis Press-Scimitar: “I see myself not representing just so-called minority group, but all people…the bigger issue is human rights”. So, because Shaw lived in an environment that sheltered her from racial and gender inequality, she saw herself equal to men-even white men and she did not let society’s norms stop her from achieving her goals. Shaw, however, also did not turn a blind eye to the issues women were facing during this time. In an interview, Shaw said, “I think it gave me a broad awareness that maybe we were thinking too narrow when we thought that prejudice was just a black problem” .[10] Patricia Shaw served as a board member and president-elect of The National Insurance Association, an organization of minority insurance executives.[11] Then in 1983, Shaw was appointed to be executive president of Universal Life Insurance after her father passed. This position made Shaw one of the nation’s top women executives and she aspired to pass down her knowledge to other aspiring business women.[12] <br /><br />Another example of women in the workplace is Marilyn Califf. Marilyn Califf was born in Memphis, TN on April 27, 1932.[13] She graduated from Central High School in 1950, and then attended The University of Miami.[14] She then transferred to Memphis State University in 1951.[15] In 1953, she married Leon Herman Califf and had two children with him. She was a stay at home mom until her daughter was ten and then attended the International University of Saltillo in Mexico.[16]In 1970, she began to design quilts, publish quilt patterns and operate a mail order business for quilting supplies and equipment. In 1971, she began the publication of Contemporary Quilts Catalog for Quilt designs and patterns.[17] She was awarded in 1972 for her quilts at the Tennessee Artist-Craftsman Association meeting in Nashville.[18] She began her teaching career by working for the Tennessee Vocational Rehabilitation office where she taught quilting to women on welfare.[19] She later taught a quilting course at Shelby State Community College. This job paid $15 per teaching hour which was a total of $180 for the course. The first semester went so well that she taught the next semester and her number of courses increased. She ended her teaching career at Shelby State Community College and she then began her business, Contemporary Quilts, which was located on Summer Avenue in Memphis, TN.[20] This was an active shop which differed from her previous mail order business. In 1975, she served on a committee to organize seminars for women in small businesses. It was sponsored by U.S. Small Business Administration. In 1976, she met with a consultant for The Nihon Vogue Publishing Company of Tokyo pertaining to a book on the American quilter’s art for Japanese market.[21] <br /><br />Marilyn did not have a hard time making herself known. Unlike Patricia Shaw, Marilyn’s work was still in the filed of what women are seen good at. Her career she chose could be done out of her house and she could run it the way she wanted to. She did not have a supervisor or anyone else over her. Many men that she had business with did not take her serious. She stood up and did not care what others thought of her. She made a career out of making quilts and she is still well known for her contributions to this day. Shaw and Califf both made themselves known in the business world. They ignore the beliefs that women can not be success and should only be of service to a man. They are the reason why women work hard today and do not need to depend on a man. <br /><br /><strong>Work Cited Page<br /></strong><br /> Primary Sources<br /><br /> "An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." Interview by Dianne Wells. An Oral History of Women Leaders in Memphis, December 12, 1979, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Chronology of Achievements: Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Feb. 1981, Box 1, Folder 5, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Current Resume’ for Marilyn Califf, Jan. 1977, Box 1, Folder 1, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, “Executive Woman in New Role,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), Feb. 12 1983. MSS 109. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, Washington, Pearl, “Pat Shaw: ‘Quiet’ Ways Make Career Her Business,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), April 7,1983. MSS 109.<br /><br /> Secondary Sources<br /><br /> Harbeson, Gladys. Choice and Challenge for the American Woman,Cambridge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967. <br /><br />_______________________________________________<br />[1]Gladys Harbeson, Choice and Challenge for the American Woman (Cambridge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967),86. <br />[2] Ibid. <br />[3] Ibid. <br />[4] ."An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." Interview by Dianne Wells. An Oral History of Women Leaders in Memphis, December 12, 1979, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. [5] Ibid. <br />[6] Ibid. <br />[7] Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, Washington, Pearl, “Pat Shaw: ‘Quiet’ Ways Make Career Her Business,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), April 7,1983. MSS 109. <br />[8] Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, “Executive Woman in New Role,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), Feb. 12 1983. MSS 109. <br />[9] Ibid. <br />[10] "An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." dge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967) <br />[11]“Executive Woman in New Role.” <br />[12] Ibid.<br /> [13] Current Resume’ for Marilyn Califf, Jan. 1977, Box 1, Folder 1, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Perservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library.<br /> [14] Ibid <br />[15] Ibid <br />[16] Chronology of Achievements: Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Feb. 1981, Box 1, Folder 5, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library.<br /> [17] Ibid. <br />[18] Ibid. <br />[19] Ibid. <br />[20] Ibid. <br />[21] Ibid.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Allison Horne, Jennifer Capers, Kristy Smith, Lauren McConnico
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Marilyn Califf's Quilt Exhibit
Subject
The topic of the resource
Women in the Workplace
Description
An account of the resource
Marilyn Califf developed an art exhibit for the Meridian Museum of Art. This article was written to inform the public of this event. It will last through the months of October until December. This exhibit not only included her quilts, but she also held a quilting workshop.
This article also gave a brief description of her educational background. Califf attended four different universities, and finished at the Memphis Academy of Art. During this period of history, it became the norm for women to attend college. However, it was not normal for a woman to go far from home, especially on an international level.
Creator
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The Meridian Star
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
University of Memphis Libraries
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital Image © 2016, University of Memphis Libraries Preservation and Special Collections Department. All rights reserved.
Spring 2016
workplace
-
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4e559a4c1973b7ee89c3f8556865aa39
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Workplace
Subject
The topic of the resource
Workplace, 2016
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
University of Memphis Libraries
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital Image © 2016, University of Memphis Libraries Preservation and Special Collections Department. All rights reserved.
Description
An account of the resource
The twentieth century gave women newfound freedoms that challenged the ideas of womanhood. As technologies advanced and conflicts arose, women were able to show their abilities through a new medium, the workplace. Female employment from the early twentieth century until the 1970s increased almost sixfold.[1] During this time, the greatest increase was seen during World War II. This time is marked by an increased need for manual labor and manufacturing jobs while men were away fighting the war. These jobs were seen as men’s work, and post-war men were able to return to their previous occupations. In many cases, women returned home or into clerical or service work. <br /><br />Women working outside of their homes in the earlier half of the twentieth century were generally poor and of lower social status. However, as educational opportunities broadened, women’s worldview began to expand. This is seen through their civic engagement, such as: Girl Scouts, Parent-Teacher Association, and nursery schools.[2] <br /><br />As opportunities grew for woman to learn and invest, it challenged the ideas that women were mentally and physically inadequate. From the early 1900s to the 1970s, many see a shift in the ideas of the role women should play. Women were no longer stuck in their position as service or clerical workers. Instead, the sharpest increase in female employment occurred in the middle-class in professional arena.[3] This is in stark contrast to most women who worked in low-paying, lessor jobs in the earlier 1900s. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw exemplifies the expanding opportunities for women in the workplace. She was born in Little Rock, AR but considered herself a native Memphian. Patricia’s parents had intentions of shielding her from any discrimination, as an African American and as a woman. She grew up in a tight-knit black community within Little Rock, experiencing little reality regarding the rest of the world’s view of minorities. At the age of 15, Shaw had dreams of following her grandfather’s footsteps in the world of business. She had plans to become a stockbroker. Shaw began going to school at Fisk University in Nashville, TN where she met her current husband and began studying business. After her time at Fisk, Shaw then transferred to the school of business at the University of Michigan and finished her schooling with a Master’s degree from the University of Chicago. After graduating, Patricia Shaw began to seek out jobs within that pertained to her degrees in business.[4] <br /><br />Business opportunities for women were limited in this era. In an interview Shaw stated that as a black female “there were no opportunities in that day.” [5] Tired of a dead end in her job search, Shaw was forced to look for another profession in social work. In order to find a job in social work at the time, those interested were only required to pass a test. Social work was considered a woman’s job in comparison to various careers in business. Shaw moved back to Nashville while working as a social worker and began to earn her masters in the field. After transferring to school in Memphis, Shaw decided to change career paths once again. Her grandfather’s company, Universal Life Insurance, was a corporation where she believed that her destiny lied. Shaw began working, with her father, for Universal in July of 1966 as a keypunch operator. Through her motivation to pursue a career in the business world and her refusal to acknowledge the world’s view of women as a minority, Shaw progressed in her company relatively fast. After six or seven years of working for Universal, Shaw’s hard work had paid off when she was promoted to become an officer for the company. She then progressed to become a vice president of Universal and then president after her grandfather’s death. Although Patricia Walker Shaw put forth hard work when in school and throughout her younger years, she still faced the discrimination of society when attempting to pursue a career in her dream field, a field that was predominantly white and male. After being forced to succumb to what was accepted, she took advantage of her family’s opportunities and accomplished her dreams as the president of Universal Life Insurance.[6] Considering the discrimination she encountered, Patricia Shaw became a very accomplished businesswoman despite many obstacles she had to endure. Along with being a woman in a male dominated business world, she was also a minority. Dr. E Walker, Shaw’s grandfather, founded Universal Life Insurance in 1923 and Shaw was determined to one day fill the shoes worn by her father and grandfather.[7] However, Shaw was not just given this opportunity; she worked her way up the ladder from the bottom to achieve her goal of one day becoming president of the company. Her work included keypunch operator, clerk and research analyst in Universal’s comptrollers division.[8] Shaw believed that her work as a research analyst and auditor of all the departments in Universal Life helped her succeed tremendously. “It really let me develop an overview and get a real feel for the whole company”.[9] Patricia Shaw soon began to make a name for herself in the business world in Memphis, TN. Patricia Walker Shaw successfully navigated the business world in a racially-divided and gender-conservative Memphis. In 1973 the Memphis City Council approved the Mayor’s appointment of Patricia Shaw to be the first woman in history of MLGW to serve on its board of directors. Mayor Wyeth Chandler said that “Mrs. Shaw had the business background for this position on the board and she seemed to be taking a responsible, concerned approach to board membership”. Shaw’s viewpoints of minority women and business was illustrated through a quote she gave the Memphis Press-Scimitar: “I see myself not representing just so-called minority group, but all people…the bigger issue is human rights”. So, because Shaw lived in an environment that sheltered her from racial and gender inequality, she saw herself equal to men-even white men and she did not let society’s norms stop her from achieving her goals. Shaw, however, also did not turn a blind eye to the issues women were facing during this time. In an interview, Shaw said, “I think it gave me a broad awareness that maybe we were thinking too narrow when we thought that prejudice was just a black problem” .[10] Patricia Shaw served as a board member and president-elect of The National Insurance Association, an organization of minority insurance executives.[11] Then in 1983, Shaw was appointed to be executive president of Universal Life Insurance after her father passed. This position made Shaw one of the nation’s top women executives and she aspired to pass down her knowledge to other aspiring business women.[12] <br /><br />Another example of women in the workplace is Marilyn Califf. Marilyn Califf was born in Memphis, TN on April 27, 1932.[13] She graduated from Central High School in 1950, and then attended The University of Miami.[14] She then transferred to Memphis State University in 1951.[15] In 1953, she married Leon Herman Califf and had two children with him. She was a stay at home mom until her daughter was ten and then attended the International University of Saltillo in Mexico.[16]In 1970, she began to design quilts, publish quilt patterns and operate a mail order business for quilting supplies and equipment. In 1971, she began the publication of Contemporary Quilts Catalog for Quilt designs and patterns.[17] She was awarded in 1972 for her quilts at the Tennessee Artist-Craftsman Association meeting in Nashville.[18] She began her teaching career by working for the Tennessee Vocational Rehabilitation office where she taught quilting to women on welfare.[19] She later taught a quilting course at Shelby State Community College. This job paid $15 per teaching hour which was a total of $180 for the course. The first semester went so well that she taught the next semester and her number of courses increased. She ended her teaching career at Shelby State Community College and she then began her business, Contemporary Quilts, which was located on Summer Avenue in Memphis, TN.[20] This was an active shop which differed from her previous mail order business. In 1975, she served on a committee to organize seminars for women in small businesses. It was sponsored by U.S. Small Business Administration. In 1976, she met with a consultant for The Nihon Vogue Publishing Company of Tokyo pertaining to a book on the American quilter’s art for Japanese market.[21] <br /><br />Marilyn did not have a hard time making herself known. Unlike Patricia Shaw, Marilyn’s work was still in the filed of what women are seen good at. Her career she chose could be done out of her house and she could run it the way she wanted to. She did not have a supervisor or anyone else over her. Many men that she had business with did not take her serious. She stood up and did not care what others thought of her. She made a career out of making quilts and she is still well known for her contributions to this day. Shaw and Califf both made themselves known in the business world. They ignore the beliefs that women can not be success and should only be of service to a man. They are the reason why women work hard today and do not need to depend on a man. <br /><br /><strong>Work Cited Page<br /></strong><br /> Primary Sources<br /><br /> "An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." Interview by Dianne Wells. An Oral History of Women Leaders in Memphis, December 12, 1979, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Chronology of Achievements: Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Feb. 1981, Box 1, Folder 5, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Current Resume’ for Marilyn Califf, Jan. 1977, Box 1, Folder 1, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, “Executive Woman in New Role,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), Feb. 12 1983. MSS 109. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, Washington, Pearl, “Pat Shaw: ‘Quiet’ Ways Make Career Her Business,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), April 7,1983. MSS 109.<br /><br /> Secondary Sources<br /><br /> Harbeson, Gladys. Choice and Challenge for the American Woman,Cambridge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967. <br /><br />_______________________________________________<br />[1]Gladys Harbeson, Choice and Challenge for the American Woman (Cambridge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967),86. <br />[2] Ibid. <br />[3] Ibid. <br />[4] ."An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." Interview by Dianne Wells. An Oral History of Women Leaders in Memphis, December 12, 1979, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. [5] Ibid. <br />[6] Ibid. <br />[7] Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, Washington, Pearl, “Pat Shaw: ‘Quiet’ Ways Make Career Her Business,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), April 7,1983. MSS 109. <br />[8] Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, “Executive Woman in New Role,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), Feb. 12 1983. MSS 109. <br />[9] Ibid. <br />[10] "An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." dge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967) <br />[11]“Executive Woman in New Role.” <br />[12] Ibid.<br /> [13] Current Resume’ for Marilyn Califf, Jan. 1977, Box 1, Folder 1, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Perservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library.<br /> [14] Ibid <br />[15] Ibid <br />[16] Chronology of Achievements: Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Feb. 1981, Box 1, Folder 5, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library.<br /> [17] Ibid. <br />[18] Ibid. <br />[19] Ibid. <br />[20] Ibid. <br />[21] Ibid.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Allison Horne, Jennifer Capers, Kristy Smith, Lauren McConnico
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
MLGW Organization Chart
Subject
The topic of the resource
Women in the Workplace
Description
An account of the resource
This is a chart provided by Memphis Light Gas and Water as a reference for the employees. The chart illustrates Patricia Shaw’s level of responsibility within the company. Her position is directly below the president of the company. During this time, it was an anomaly to see not only a woman, but an African American woman achieve her professional status.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Memphis, Light, Gas, and Water
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital Image © 2016, University of Memphis Libraries Preservation and Special Collections Department. All rights reserved.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
University of Memphis Libraries
Spring 2016
workplace
-
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76a4395ad21982f2fb17628999cd498c
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f177eb7f71bd55ddd35849f9746893c3
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Workplace
Subject
The topic of the resource
Workplace, 2016
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
University of Memphis Libraries
Rights
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Digital Image © 2016, University of Memphis Libraries Preservation and Special Collections Department. All rights reserved.
Description
An account of the resource
The twentieth century gave women newfound freedoms that challenged the ideas of womanhood. As technologies advanced and conflicts arose, women were able to show their abilities through a new medium, the workplace. Female employment from the early twentieth century until the 1970s increased almost sixfold.[1] During this time, the greatest increase was seen during World War II. This time is marked by an increased need for manual labor and manufacturing jobs while men were away fighting the war. These jobs were seen as men’s work, and post-war men were able to return to their previous occupations. In many cases, women returned home or into clerical or service work. <br /><br />Women working outside of their homes in the earlier half of the twentieth century were generally poor and of lower social status. However, as educational opportunities broadened, women’s worldview began to expand. This is seen through their civic engagement, such as: Girl Scouts, Parent-Teacher Association, and nursery schools.[2] <br /><br />As opportunities grew for woman to learn and invest, it challenged the ideas that women were mentally and physically inadequate. From the early 1900s to the 1970s, many see a shift in the ideas of the role women should play. Women were no longer stuck in their position as service or clerical workers. Instead, the sharpest increase in female employment occurred in the middle-class in professional arena.[3] This is in stark contrast to most women who worked in low-paying, lessor jobs in the earlier 1900s. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw exemplifies the expanding opportunities for women in the workplace. She was born in Little Rock, AR but considered herself a native Memphian. Patricia’s parents had intentions of shielding her from any discrimination, as an African American and as a woman. She grew up in a tight-knit black community within Little Rock, experiencing little reality regarding the rest of the world’s view of minorities. At the age of 15, Shaw had dreams of following her grandfather’s footsteps in the world of business. She had plans to become a stockbroker. Shaw began going to school at Fisk University in Nashville, TN where she met her current husband and began studying business. After her time at Fisk, Shaw then transferred to the school of business at the University of Michigan and finished her schooling with a Master’s degree from the University of Chicago. After graduating, Patricia Shaw began to seek out jobs within that pertained to her degrees in business.[4] <br /><br />Business opportunities for women were limited in this era. In an interview Shaw stated that as a black female “there were no opportunities in that day.” [5] Tired of a dead end in her job search, Shaw was forced to look for another profession in social work. In order to find a job in social work at the time, those interested were only required to pass a test. Social work was considered a woman’s job in comparison to various careers in business. Shaw moved back to Nashville while working as a social worker and began to earn her masters in the field. After transferring to school in Memphis, Shaw decided to change career paths once again. Her grandfather’s company, Universal Life Insurance, was a corporation where she believed that her destiny lied. Shaw began working, with her father, for Universal in July of 1966 as a keypunch operator. Through her motivation to pursue a career in the business world and her refusal to acknowledge the world’s view of women as a minority, Shaw progressed in her company relatively fast. After six or seven years of working for Universal, Shaw’s hard work had paid off when she was promoted to become an officer for the company. She then progressed to become a vice president of Universal and then president after her grandfather’s death. Although Patricia Walker Shaw put forth hard work when in school and throughout her younger years, she still faced the discrimination of society when attempting to pursue a career in her dream field, a field that was predominantly white and male. After being forced to succumb to what was accepted, she took advantage of her family’s opportunities and accomplished her dreams as the president of Universal Life Insurance.[6] Considering the discrimination she encountered, Patricia Shaw became a very accomplished businesswoman despite many obstacles she had to endure. Along with being a woman in a male dominated business world, she was also a minority. Dr. E Walker, Shaw’s grandfather, founded Universal Life Insurance in 1923 and Shaw was determined to one day fill the shoes worn by her father and grandfather.[7] However, Shaw was not just given this opportunity; she worked her way up the ladder from the bottom to achieve her goal of one day becoming president of the company. Her work included keypunch operator, clerk and research analyst in Universal’s comptrollers division.[8] Shaw believed that her work as a research analyst and auditor of all the departments in Universal Life helped her succeed tremendously. “It really let me develop an overview and get a real feel for the whole company”.[9] Patricia Shaw soon began to make a name for herself in the business world in Memphis, TN. Patricia Walker Shaw successfully navigated the business world in a racially-divided and gender-conservative Memphis. In 1973 the Memphis City Council approved the Mayor’s appointment of Patricia Shaw to be the first woman in history of MLGW to serve on its board of directors. Mayor Wyeth Chandler said that “Mrs. Shaw had the business background for this position on the board and she seemed to be taking a responsible, concerned approach to board membership”. Shaw’s viewpoints of minority women and business was illustrated through a quote she gave the Memphis Press-Scimitar: “I see myself not representing just so-called minority group, but all people…the bigger issue is human rights”. So, because Shaw lived in an environment that sheltered her from racial and gender inequality, she saw herself equal to men-even white men and she did not let society’s norms stop her from achieving her goals. Shaw, however, also did not turn a blind eye to the issues women were facing during this time. In an interview, Shaw said, “I think it gave me a broad awareness that maybe we were thinking too narrow when we thought that prejudice was just a black problem” .[10] Patricia Shaw served as a board member and president-elect of The National Insurance Association, an organization of minority insurance executives.[11] Then in 1983, Shaw was appointed to be executive president of Universal Life Insurance after her father passed. This position made Shaw one of the nation’s top women executives and she aspired to pass down her knowledge to other aspiring business women.[12] <br /><br />Another example of women in the workplace is Marilyn Califf. Marilyn Califf was born in Memphis, TN on April 27, 1932.[13] She graduated from Central High School in 1950, and then attended The University of Miami.[14] She then transferred to Memphis State University in 1951.[15] In 1953, she married Leon Herman Califf and had two children with him. She was a stay at home mom until her daughter was ten and then attended the International University of Saltillo in Mexico.[16]In 1970, she began to design quilts, publish quilt patterns and operate a mail order business for quilting supplies and equipment. In 1971, she began the publication of Contemporary Quilts Catalog for Quilt designs and patterns.[17] She was awarded in 1972 for her quilts at the Tennessee Artist-Craftsman Association meeting in Nashville.[18] She began her teaching career by working for the Tennessee Vocational Rehabilitation office where she taught quilting to women on welfare.[19] She later taught a quilting course at Shelby State Community College. This job paid $15 per teaching hour which was a total of $180 for the course. The first semester went so well that she taught the next semester and her number of courses increased. She ended her teaching career at Shelby State Community College and she then began her business, Contemporary Quilts, which was located on Summer Avenue in Memphis, TN.[20] This was an active shop which differed from her previous mail order business. In 1975, she served on a committee to organize seminars for women in small businesses. It was sponsored by U.S. Small Business Administration. In 1976, she met with a consultant for The Nihon Vogue Publishing Company of Tokyo pertaining to a book on the American quilter’s art for Japanese market.[21] <br /><br />Marilyn did not have a hard time making herself known. Unlike Patricia Shaw, Marilyn’s work was still in the filed of what women are seen good at. Her career she chose could be done out of her house and she could run it the way she wanted to. She did not have a supervisor or anyone else over her. Many men that she had business with did not take her serious. She stood up and did not care what others thought of her. She made a career out of making quilts and she is still well known for her contributions to this day. Shaw and Califf both made themselves known in the business world. They ignore the beliefs that women can not be success and should only be of service to a man. They are the reason why women work hard today and do not need to depend on a man. <br /><br /><strong>Work Cited Page<br /></strong><br /> Primary Sources<br /><br /> "An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." Interview by Dianne Wells. An Oral History of Women Leaders in Memphis, December 12, 1979, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Chronology of Achievements: Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Feb. 1981, Box 1, Folder 5, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Current Resume’ for Marilyn Califf, Jan. 1977, Box 1, Folder 1, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, “Executive Woman in New Role,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), Feb. 12 1983. MSS 109. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, Washington, Pearl, “Pat Shaw: ‘Quiet’ Ways Make Career Her Business,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), April 7,1983. MSS 109.<br /><br /> Secondary Sources<br /><br /> Harbeson, Gladys. Choice and Challenge for the American Woman,Cambridge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967. <br /><br />_______________________________________________<br />[1]Gladys Harbeson, Choice and Challenge for the American Woman (Cambridge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967),86. <br />[2] Ibid. <br />[3] Ibid. <br />[4] ."An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." Interview by Dianne Wells. An Oral History of Women Leaders in Memphis, December 12, 1979, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. [5] Ibid. <br />[6] Ibid. <br />[7] Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, Washington, Pearl, “Pat Shaw: ‘Quiet’ Ways Make Career Her Business,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), April 7,1983. MSS 109. <br />[8] Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, “Executive Woman in New Role,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), Feb. 12 1983. MSS 109. <br />[9] Ibid. <br />[10] "An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." dge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967) <br />[11]“Executive Woman in New Role.” <br />[12] Ibid.<br /> [13] Current Resume’ for Marilyn Califf, Jan. 1977, Box 1, Folder 1, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Perservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library.<br /> [14] Ibid <br />[15] Ibid <br />[16] Chronology of Achievements: Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Feb. 1981, Box 1, Folder 5, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library.<br /> [17] Ibid. <br />[18] Ibid. <br />[19] Ibid. <br />[20] Ibid. <br />[21] Ibid.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Allison Horne, Jennifer Capers, Kristy Smith, Lauren McConnico
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Patricia Shaw: Memphis Hypertension Research Convention Honoree
Subject
The topic of the resource
Women in the Workplace, Honoree
Description
An account of the resource
Patricia Shaw was honored at a Memphis Hypertension Research Center Convention. The theme of the convention was listed as “Black Women- The Foundation of Black Society.” Within the pamphlet, a small paragraph includes Shaw’s accomplishments. The foundation recognizes her as “the first woman to serve on the Board of Commissioners for the Memphis Light, Gas, and Water Division.” Shaw was also commended for position at Universal Life Insurance Company as Vice President- Associate Controller. We chose this pamphlet because Patricia Shaw was recognized for her hard work, as a woman and as an African American. She worked hard throughout school and her various jobs and was honored for doing so.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
The Memphis Hypertension Research Center
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
MSS 109, Box 1
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
November 29, 1974
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital Image © 2016, University of Memphis Libraries Preservation and Special Collections Department. All rights reserved.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
University of Memphis Libraries
Spring 2016
workplace
-
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f4b726a39e29611d7774526ace924bf0
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Workplace
Subject
The topic of the resource
Workplace, 2016
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
University of Memphis Libraries
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital Image © 2016, University of Memphis Libraries Preservation and Special Collections Department. All rights reserved.
Description
An account of the resource
The twentieth century gave women newfound freedoms that challenged the ideas of womanhood. As technologies advanced and conflicts arose, women were able to show their abilities through a new medium, the workplace. Female employment from the early twentieth century until the 1970s increased almost sixfold.[1] During this time, the greatest increase was seen during World War II. This time is marked by an increased need for manual labor and manufacturing jobs while men were away fighting the war. These jobs were seen as men’s work, and post-war men were able to return to their previous occupations. In many cases, women returned home or into clerical or service work. <br /><br />Women working outside of their homes in the earlier half of the twentieth century were generally poor and of lower social status. However, as educational opportunities broadened, women’s worldview began to expand. This is seen through their civic engagement, such as: Girl Scouts, Parent-Teacher Association, and nursery schools.[2] <br /><br />As opportunities grew for woman to learn and invest, it challenged the ideas that women were mentally and physically inadequate. From the early 1900s to the 1970s, many see a shift in the ideas of the role women should play. Women were no longer stuck in their position as service or clerical workers. Instead, the sharpest increase in female employment occurred in the middle-class in professional arena.[3] This is in stark contrast to most women who worked in low-paying, lessor jobs in the earlier 1900s. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw exemplifies the expanding opportunities for women in the workplace. She was born in Little Rock, AR but considered herself a native Memphian. Patricia’s parents had intentions of shielding her from any discrimination, as an African American and as a woman. She grew up in a tight-knit black community within Little Rock, experiencing little reality regarding the rest of the world’s view of minorities. At the age of 15, Shaw had dreams of following her grandfather’s footsteps in the world of business. She had plans to become a stockbroker. Shaw began going to school at Fisk University in Nashville, TN where she met her current husband and began studying business. After her time at Fisk, Shaw then transferred to the school of business at the University of Michigan and finished her schooling with a Master’s degree from the University of Chicago. After graduating, Patricia Shaw began to seek out jobs within that pertained to her degrees in business.[4] <br /><br />Business opportunities for women were limited in this era. In an interview Shaw stated that as a black female “there were no opportunities in that day.” [5] Tired of a dead end in her job search, Shaw was forced to look for another profession in social work. In order to find a job in social work at the time, those interested were only required to pass a test. Social work was considered a woman’s job in comparison to various careers in business. Shaw moved back to Nashville while working as a social worker and began to earn her masters in the field. After transferring to school in Memphis, Shaw decided to change career paths once again. Her grandfather’s company, Universal Life Insurance, was a corporation where she believed that her destiny lied. Shaw began working, with her father, for Universal in July of 1966 as a keypunch operator. Through her motivation to pursue a career in the business world and her refusal to acknowledge the world’s view of women as a minority, Shaw progressed in her company relatively fast. After six or seven years of working for Universal, Shaw’s hard work had paid off when she was promoted to become an officer for the company. She then progressed to become a vice president of Universal and then president after her grandfather’s death. Although Patricia Walker Shaw put forth hard work when in school and throughout her younger years, she still faced the discrimination of society when attempting to pursue a career in her dream field, a field that was predominantly white and male. After being forced to succumb to what was accepted, she took advantage of her family’s opportunities and accomplished her dreams as the president of Universal Life Insurance.[6] Considering the discrimination she encountered, Patricia Shaw became a very accomplished businesswoman despite many obstacles she had to endure. Along with being a woman in a male dominated business world, she was also a minority. Dr. E Walker, Shaw’s grandfather, founded Universal Life Insurance in 1923 and Shaw was determined to one day fill the shoes worn by her father and grandfather.[7] However, Shaw was not just given this opportunity; she worked her way up the ladder from the bottom to achieve her goal of one day becoming president of the company. Her work included keypunch operator, clerk and research analyst in Universal’s comptrollers division.[8] Shaw believed that her work as a research analyst and auditor of all the departments in Universal Life helped her succeed tremendously. “It really let me develop an overview and get a real feel for the whole company”.[9] Patricia Shaw soon began to make a name for herself in the business world in Memphis, TN. Patricia Walker Shaw successfully navigated the business world in a racially-divided and gender-conservative Memphis. In 1973 the Memphis City Council approved the Mayor’s appointment of Patricia Shaw to be the first woman in history of MLGW to serve on its board of directors. Mayor Wyeth Chandler said that “Mrs. Shaw had the business background for this position on the board and she seemed to be taking a responsible, concerned approach to board membership”. Shaw’s viewpoints of minority women and business was illustrated through a quote she gave the Memphis Press-Scimitar: “I see myself not representing just so-called minority group, but all people…the bigger issue is human rights”. So, because Shaw lived in an environment that sheltered her from racial and gender inequality, she saw herself equal to men-even white men and she did not let society’s norms stop her from achieving her goals. Shaw, however, also did not turn a blind eye to the issues women were facing during this time. In an interview, Shaw said, “I think it gave me a broad awareness that maybe we were thinking too narrow when we thought that prejudice was just a black problem” .[10] Patricia Shaw served as a board member and president-elect of The National Insurance Association, an organization of minority insurance executives.[11] Then in 1983, Shaw was appointed to be executive president of Universal Life Insurance after her father passed. This position made Shaw one of the nation’s top women executives and she aspired to pass down her knowledge to other aspiring business women.[12] <br /><br />Another example of women in the workplace is Marilyn Califf. Marilyn Califf was born in Memphis, TN on April 27, 1932.[13] She graduated from Central High School in 1950, and then attended The University of Miami.[14] She then transferred to Memphis State University in 1951.[15] In 1953, she married Leon Herman Califf and had two children with him. She was a stay at home mom until her daughter was ten and then attended the International University of Saltillo in Mexico.[16]In 1970, she began to design quilts, publish quilt patterns and operate a mail order business for quilting supplies and equipment. In 1971, she began the publication of Contemporary Quilts Catalog for Quilt designs and patterns.[17] She was awarded in 1972 for her quilts at the Tennessee Artist-Craftsman Association meeting in Nashville.[18] She began her teaching career by working for the Tennessee Vocational Rehabilitation office where she taught quilting to women on welfare.[19] She later taught a quilting course at Shelby State Community College. This job paid $15 per teaching hour which was a total of $180 for the course. The first semester went so well that she taught the next semester and her number of courses increased. She ended her teaching career at Shelby State Community College and she then began her business, Contemporary Quilts, which was located on Summer Avenue in Memphis, TN.[20] This was an active shop which differed from her previous mail order business. In 1975, she served on a committee to organize seminars for women in small businesses. It was sponsored by U.S. Small Business Administration. In 1976, she met with a consultant for The Nihon Vogue Publishing Company of Tokyo pertaining to a book on the American quilter’s art for Japanese market.[21] <br /><br />Marilyn did not have a hard time making herself known. Unlike Patricia Shaw, Marilyn’s work was still in the filed of what women are seen good at. Her career she chose could be done out of her house and she could run it the way she wanted to. She did not have a supervisor or anyone else over her. Many men that she had business with did not take her serious. She stood up and did not care what others thought of her. She made a career out of making quilts and she is still well known for her contributions to this day. Shaw and Califf both made themselves known in the business world. They ignore the beliefs that women can not be success and should only be of service to a man. They are the reason why women work hard today and do not need to depend on a man. <br /><br /><strong>Work Cited Page<br /></strong><br /> Primary Sources<br /><br /> "An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." Interview by Dianne Wells. An Oral History of Women Leaders in Memphis, December 12, 1979, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Chronology of Achievements: Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Feb. 1981, Box 1, Folder 5, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Current Resume’ for Marilyn Califf, Jan. 1977, Box 1, Folder 1, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, “Executive Woman in New Role,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), Feb. 12 1983. MSS 109. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, Washington, Pearl, “Pat Shaw: ‘Quiet’ Ways Make Career Her Business,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), April 7,1983. MSS 109.<br /><br /> Secondary Sources<br /><br /> Harbeson, Gladys. Choice and Challenge for the American Woman,Cambridge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967. <br /><br />_______________________________________________<br />[1]Gladys Harbeson, Choice and Challenge for the American Woman (Cambridge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967),86. <br />[2] Ibid. <br />[3] Ibid. <br />[4] ."An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." Interview by Dianne Wells. An Oral History of Women Leaders in Memphis, December 12, 1979, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. [5] Ibid. <br />[6] Ibid. <br />[7] Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, Washington, Pearl, “Pat Shaw: ‘Quiet’ Ways Make Career Her Business,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), April 7,1983. MSS 109. <br />[8] Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, “Executive Woman in New Role,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), Feb. 12 1983. MSS 109. <br />[9] Ibid. <br />[10] "An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." dge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967) <br />[11]“Executive Woman in New Role.” <br />[12] Ibid.<br /> [13] Current Resume’ for Marilyn Califf, Jan. 1977, Box 1, Folder 1, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Perservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library.<br /> [14] Ibid <br />[15] Ibid <br />[16] Chronology of Achievements: Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Feb. 1981, Box 1, Folder 5, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library.<br /> [17] Ibid. <br />[18] Ibid. <br />[19] Ibid. <br />[20] Ibid. <br />[21] Ibid.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Allison Horne, Jennifer Capers, Kristy Smith, Lauren McConnico
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Contemporary Quilts Swatches
Subject
The topic of the resource
Quilt pattern samples
Description
An account of the resource
This is a sample of some of the quilt patterns from Contemporary Quilts. The top samples: Name: Quadriga 100% cotton, 44” wide, colorfast,1% shrinkage. These are $2.00/yd. Numbers 119 and 151 are named O dots, 50% cotton, 50% rayon. They are also $2.00/yd. The middle samples are called Peerless and they are 100% cotton, fast colors, 36” wide. They are also priced at $2.00/yd. The bottom samples are cotton and polyester stripe, 44” wide, and priced at $2.00/yd. Marilyn Califf designed some of her own patterns and it is unsure if these are her designs or not.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
MSS 130, Box 1, Folder 31
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital Image © 2016, University of Memphis Libraries Preservation and Special Collections Department. All rights reserved.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
University of Memphis Libraries
Spring 2016
workplace
-
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da89f22057a2a99e097fb6636a3f3c76
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157954b7831dce7351d18c72be9276df
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Workplace
Subject
The topic of the resource
Workplace, 2016
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
University of Memphis Libraries
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital Image © 2016, University of Memphis Libraries Preservation and Special Collections Department. All rights reserved.
Description
An account of the resource
The twentieth century gave women newfound freedoms that challenged the ideas of womanhood. As technologies advanced and conflicts arose, women were able to show their abilities through a new medium, the workplace. Female employment from the early twentieth century until the 1970s increased almost sixfold.[1] During this time, the greatest increase was seen during World War II. This time is marked by an increased need for manual labor and manufacturing jobs while men were away fighting the war. These jobs were seen as men’s work, and post-war men were able to return to their previous occupations. In many cases, women returned home or into clerical or service work. <br /><br />Women working outside of their homes in the earlier half of the twentieth century were generally poor and of lower social status. However, as educational opportunities broadened, women’s worldview began to expand. This is seen through their civic engagement, such as: Girl Scouts, Parent-Teacher Association, and nursery schools.[2] <br /><br />As opportunities grew for woman to learn and invest, it challenged the ideas that women were mentally and physically inadequate. From the early 1900s to the 1970s, many see a shift in the ideas of the role women should play. Women were no longer stuck in their position as service or clerical workers. Instead, the sharpest increase in female employment occurred in the middle-class in professional arena.[3] This is in stark contrast to most women who worked in low-paying, lessor jobs in the earlier 1900s. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw exemplifies the expanding opportunities for women in the workplace. She was born in Little Rock, AR but considered herself a native Memphian. Patricia’s parents had intentions of shielding her from any discrimination, as an African American and as a woman. She grew up in a tight-knit black community within Little Rock, experiencing little reality regarding the rest of the world’s view of minorities. At the age of 15, Shaw had dreams of following her grandfather’s footsteps in the world of business. She had plans to become a stockbroker. Shaw began going to school at Fisk University in Nashville, TN where she met her current husband and began studying business. After her time at Fisk, Shaw then transferred to the school of business at the University of Michigan and finished her schooling with a Master’s degree from the University of Chicago. After graduating, Patricia Shaw began to seek out jobs within that pertained to her degrees in business.[4] <br /><br />Business opportunities for women were limited in this era. In an interview Shaw stated that as a black female “there were no opportunities in that day.” [5] Tired of a dead end in her job search, Shaw was forced to look for another profession in social work. In order to find a job in social work at the time, those interested were only required to pass a test. Social work was considered a woman’s job in comparison to various careers in business. Shaw moved back to Nashville while working as a social worker and began to earn her masters in the field. After transferring to school in Memphis, Shaw decided to change career paths once again. Her grandfather’s company, Universal Life Insurance, was a corporation where she believed that her destiny lied. Shaw began working, with her father, for Universal in July of 1966 as a keypunch operator. Through her motivation to pursue a career in the business world and her refusal to acknowledge the world’s view of women as a minority, Shaw progressed in her company relatively fast. After six or seven years of working for Universal, Shaw’s hard work had paid off when she was promoted to become an officer for the company. She then progressed to become a vice president of Universal and then president after her grandfather’s death. Although Patricia Walker Shaw put forth hard work when in school and throughout her younger years, she still faced the discrimination of society when attempting to pursue a career in her dream field, a field that was predominantly white and male. After being forced to succumb to what was accepted, she took advantage of her family’s opportunities and accomplished her dreams as the president of Universal Life Insurance.[6] Considering the discrimination she encountered, Patricia Shaw became a very accomplished businesswoman despite many obstacles she had to endure. Along with being a woman in a male dominated business world, she was also a minority. Dr. E Walker, Shaw’s grandfather, founded Universal Life Insurance in 1923 and Shaw was determined to one day fill the shoes worn by her father and grandfather.[7] However, Shaw was not just given this opportunity; she worked her way up the ladder from the bottom to achieve her goal of one day becoming president of the company. Her work included keypunch operator, clerk and research analyst in Universal’s comptrollers division.[8] Shaw believed that her work as a research analyst and auditor of all the departments in Universal Life helped her succeed tremendously. “It really let me develop an overview and get a real feel for the whole company”.[9] Patricia Shaw soon began to make a name for herself in the business world in Memphis, TN. Patricia Walker Shaw successfully navigated the business world in a racially-divided and gender-conservative Memphis. In 1973 the Memphis City Council approved the Mayor’s appointment of Patricia Shaw to be the first woman in history of MLGW to serve on its board of directors. Mayor Wyeth Chandler said that “Mrs. Shaw had the business background for this position on the board and she seemed to be taking a responsible, concerned approach to board membership”. Shaw’s viewpoints of minority women and business was illustrated through a quote she gave the Memphis Press-Scimitar: “I see myself not representing just so-called minority group, but all people…the bigger issue is human rights”. So, because Shaw lived in an environment that sheltered her from racial and gender inequality, she saw herself equal to men-even white men and she did not let society’s norms stop her from achieving her goals. Shaw, however, also did not turn a blind eye to the issues women were facing during this time. In an interview, Shaw said, “I think it gave me a broad awareness that maybe we were thinking too narrow when we thought that prejudice was just a black problem” .[10] Patricia Shaw served as a board member and president-elect of The National Insurance Association, an organization of minority insurance executives.[11] Then in 1983, Shaw was appointed to be executive president of Universal Life Insurance after her father passed. This position made Shaw one of the nation’s top women executives and she aspired to pass down her knowledge to other aspiring business women.[12] <br /><br />Another example of women in the workplace is Marilyn Califf. Marilyn Califf was born in Memphis, TN on April 27, 1932.[13] She graduated from Central High School in 1950, and then attended The University of Miami.[14] She then transferred to Memphis State University in 1951.[15] In 1953, she married Leon Herman Califf and had two children with him. She was a stay at home mom until her daughter was ten and then attended the International University of Saltillo in Mexico.[16]In 1970, she began to design quilts, publish quilt patterns and operate a mail order business for quilting supplies and equipment. In 1971, she began the publication of Contemporary Quilts Catalog for Quilt designs and patterns.[17] She was awarded in 1972 for her quilts at the Tennessee Artist-Craftsman Association meeting in Nashville.[18] She began her teaching career by working for the Tennessee Vocational Rehabilitation office where she taught quilting to women on welfare.[19] She later taught a quilting course at Shelby State Community College. This job paid $15 per teaching hour which was a total of $180 for the course. The first semester went so well that she taught the next semester and her number of courses increased. She ended her teaching career at Shelby State Community College and she then began her business, Contemporary Quilts, which was located on Summer Avenue in Memphis, TN.[20] This was an active shop which differed from her previous mail order business. In 1975, she served on a committee to organize seminars for women in small businesses. It was sponsored by U.S. Small Business Administration. In 1976, she met with a consultant for The Nihon Vogue Publishing Company of Tokyo pertaining to a book on the American quilter’s art for Japanese market.[21] <br /><br />Marilyn did not have a hard time making herself known. Unlike Patricia Shaw, Marilyn’s work was still in the filed of what women are seen good at. Her career she chose could be done out of her house and she could run it the way she wanted to. She did not have a supervisor or anyone else over her. Many men that she had business with did not take her serious. She stood up and did not care what others thought of her. She made a career out of making quilts and she is still well known for her contributions to this day. Shaw and Califf both made themselves known in the business world. They ignore the beliefs that women can not be success and should only be of service to a man. They are the reason why women work hard today and do not need to depend on a man. <br /><br /><strong>Work Cited Page<br /></strong><br /> Primary Sources<br /><br /> "An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." Interview by Dianne Wells. An Oral History of Women Leaders in Memphis, December 12, 1979, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Chronology of Achievements: Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Feb. 1981, Box 1, Folder 5, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Current Resume’ for Marilyn Califf, Jan. 1977, Box 1, Folder 1, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, “Executive Woman in New Role,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), Feb. 12 1983. MSS 109. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, Washington, Pearl, “Pat Shaw: ‘Quiet’ Ways Make Career Her Business,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), April 7,1983. MSS 109.<br /><br /> Secondary Sources<br /><br /> Harbeson, Gladys. Choice and Challenge for the American Woman,Cambridge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967. <br /><br />_______________________________________________<br />[1]Gladys Harbeson, Choice and Challenge for the American Woman (Cambridge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967),86. <br />[2] Ibid. <br />[3] Ibid. <br />[4] ."An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." Interview by Dianne Wells. An Oral History of Women Leaders in Memphis, December 12, 1979, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. [5] Ibid. <br />[6] Ibid. <br />[7] Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, Washington, Pearl, “Pat Shaw: ‘Quiet’ Ways Make Career Her Business,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), April 7,1983. MSS 109. <br />[8] Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, “Executive Woman in New Role,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), Feb. 12 1983. MSS 109. <br />[9] Ibid. <br />[10] "An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." dge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967) <br />[11]“Executive Woman in New Role.” <br />[12] Ibid.<br /> [13] Current Resume’ for Marilyn Califf, Jan. 1977, Box 1, Folder 1, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Perservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library.<br /> [14] Ibid <br />[15] Ibid <br />[16] Chronology of Achievements: Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Feb. 1981, Box 1, Folder 5, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library.<br /> [17] Ibid. <br />[18] Ibid. <br />[19] Ibid. <br />[20] Ibid. <br />[21] Ibid.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Allison Horne, Jennifer Capers, Kristy Smith, Lauren McConnico
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Patricia Shaw, Picture with Governor Winfielld Dunn
Subject
The topic of the resource
Working Women, Governor
Description
An account of the resource
In this photograph, Patricia Shaw and her husband Harold are standing next to Governor Winfield Dunn and his wife, Betsy. The location and the occasion of the photograph is unknown. Both Patricia and Harold worked for Universal Life Insurance and did well within the company. Their importance is made clear through their company and Dunn’s handwritten note on the front of the picture. The note states that Betsy and the Governor had a great evening with the Shaws’.
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
MSS 109, Box 1
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Governor Winfield Dunn
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital Image © 2016, University of Memphis Libraries Preservation and Special Collections Department. All rights reserved.d.
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
University of Memphis Libraries
Spring 2016
workplace
-
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6c878611141aa84a3d4fa8c52a8fdda9
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Workplace
Subject
The topic of the resource
Workplace, 2016
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
University of Memphis Libraries
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital Image © 2016, University of Memphis Libraries Preservation and Special Collections Department. All rights reserved.
Description
An account of the resource
The twentieth century gave women newfound freedoms that challenged the ideas of womanhood. As technologies advanced and conflicts arose, women were able to show their abilities through a new medium, the workplace. Female employment from the early twentieth century until the 1970s increased almost sixfold.[1] During this time, the greatest increase was seen during World War II. This time is marked by an increased need for manual labor and manufacturing jobs while men were away fighting the war. These jobs were seen as men’s work, and post-war men were able to return to their previous occupations. In many cases, women returned home or into clerical or service work. <br /><br />Women working outside of their homes in the earlier half of the twentieth century were generally poor and of lower social status. However, as educational opportunities broadened, women’s worldview began to expand. This is seen through their civic engagement, such as: Girl Scouts, Parent-Teacher Association, and nursery schools.[2] <br /><br />As opportunities grew for woman to learn and invest, it challenged the ideas that women were mentally and physically inadequate. From the early 1900s to the 1970s, many see a shift in the ideas of the role women should play. Women were no longer stuck in their position as service or clerical workers. Instead, the sharpest increase in female employment occurred in the middle-class in professional arena.[3] This is in stark contrast to most women who worked in low-paying, lessor jobs in the earlier 1900s. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw exemplifies the expanding opportunities for women in the workplace. She was born in Little Rock, AR but considered herself a native Memphian. Patricia’s parents had intentions of shielding her from any discrimination, as an African American and as a woman. She grew up in a tight-knit black community within Little Rock, experiencing little reality regarding the rest of the world’s view of minorities. At the age of 15, Shaw had dreams of following her grandfather’s footsteps in the world of business. She had plans to become a stockbroker. Shaw began going to school at Fisk University in Nashville, TN where she met her current husband and began studying business. After her time at Fisk, Shaw then transferred to the school of business at the University of Michigan and finished her schooling with a Master’s degree from the University of Chicago. After graduating, Patricia Shaw began to seek out jobs within that pertained to her degrees in business.[4] <br /><br />Business opportunities for women were limited in this era. In an interview Shaw stated that as a black female “there were no opportunities in that day.” [5] Tired of a dead end in her job search, Shaw was forced to look for another profession in social work. In order to find a job in social work at the time, those interested were only required to pass a test. Social work was considered a woman’s job in comparison to various careers in business. Shaw moved back to Nashville while working as a social worker and began to earn her masters in the field. After transferring to school in Memphis, Shaw decided to change career paths once again. Her grandfather’s company, Universal Life Insurance, was a corporation where she believed that her destiny lied. Shaw began working, with her father, for Universal in July of 1966 as a keypunch operator. Through her motivation to pursue a career in the business world and her refusal to acknowledge the world’s view of women as a minority, Shaw progressed in her company relatively fast. After six or seven years of working for Universal, Shaw’s hard work had paid off when she was promoted to become an officer for the company. She then progressed to become a vice president of Universal and then president after her grandfather’s death. Although Patricia Walker Shaw put forth hard work when in school and throughout her younger years, she still faced the discrimination of society when attempting to pursue a career in her dream field, a field that was predominantly white and male. After being forced to succumb to what was accepted, she took advantage of her family’s opportunities and accomplished her dreams as the president of Universal Life Insurance.[6] Considering the discrimination she encountered, Patricia Shaw became a very accomplished businesswoman despite many obstacles she had to endure. Along with being a woman in a male dominated business world, she was also a minority. Dr. E Walker, Shaw’s grandfather, founded Universal Life Insurance in 1923 and Shaw was determined to one day fill the shoes worn by her father and grandfather.[7] However, Shaw was not just given this opportunity; she worked her way up the ladder from the bottom to achieve her goal of one day becoming president of the company. Her work included keypunch operator, clerk and research analyst in Universal’s comptrollers division.[8] Shaw believed that her work as a research analyst and auditor of all the departments in Universal Life helped her succeed tremendously. “It really let me develop an overview and get a real feel for the whole company”.[9] Patricia Shaw soon began to make a name for herself in the business world in Memphis, TN. Patricia Walker Shaw successfully navigated the business world in a racially-divided and gender-conservative Memphis. In 1973 the Memphis City Council approved the Mayor’s appointment of Patricia Shaw to be the first woman in history of MLGW to serve on its board of directors. Mayor Wyeth Chandler said that “Mrs. Shaw had the business background for this position on the board and she seemed to be taking a responsible, concerned approach to board membership”. Shaw’s viewpoints of minority women and business was illustrated through a quote she gave the Memphis Press-Scimitar: “I see myself not representing just so-called minority group, but all people…the bigger issue is human rights”. So, because Shaw lived in an environment that sheltered her from racial and gender inequality, she saw herself equal to men-even white men and she did not let society’s norms stop her from achieving her goals. Shaw, however, also did not turn a blind eye to the issues women were facing during this time. In an interview, Shaw said, “I think it gave me a broad awareness that maybe we were thinking too narrow when we thought that prejudice was just a black problem” .[10] Patricia Shaw served as a board member and president-elect of The National Insurance Association, an organization of minority insurance executives.[11] Then in 1983, Shaw was appointed to be executive president of Universal Life Insurance after her father passed. This position made Shaw one of the nation’s top women executives and she aspired to pass down her knowledge to other aspiring business women.[12] <br /><br />Another example of women in the workplace is Marilyn Califf. Marilyn Califf was born in Memphis, TN on April 27, 1932.[13] She graduated from Central High School in 1950, and then attended The University of Miami.[14] She then transferred to Memphis State University in 1951.[15] In 1953, she married Leon Herman Califf and had two children with him. She was a stay at home mom until her daughter was ten and then attended the International University of Saltillo in Mexico.[16]In 1970, she began to design quilts, publish quilt patterns and operate a mail order business for quilting supplies and equipment. In 1971, she began the publication of Contemporary Quilts Catalog for Quilt designs and patterns.[17] She was awarded in 1972 for her quilts at the Tennessee Artist-Craftsman Association meeting in Nashville.[18] She began her teaching career by working for the Tennessee Vocational Rehabilitation office where she taught quilting to women on welfare.[19] She later taught a quilting course at Shelby State Community College. This job paid $15 per teaching hour which was a total of $180 for the course. The first semester went so well that she taught the next semester and her number of courses increased. She ended her teaching career at Shelby State Community College and she then began her business, Contemporary Quilts, which was located on Summer Avenue in Memphis, TN.[20] This was an active shop which differed from her previous mail order business. In 1975, she served on a committee to organize seminars for women in small businesses. It was sponsored by U.S. Small Business Administration. In 1976, she met with a consultant for The Nihon Vogue Publishing Company of Tokyo pertaining to a book on the American quilter’s art for Japanese market.[21] <br /><br />Marilyn did not have a hard time making herself known. Unlike Patricia Shaw, Marilyn’s work was still in the filed of what women are seen good at. Her career she chose could be done out of her house and she could run it the way she wanted to. She did not have a supervisor or anyone else over her. Many men that she had business with did not take her serious. She stood up and did not care what others thought of her. She made a career out of making quilts and she is still well known for her contributions to this day. Shaw and Califf both made themselves known in the business world. They ignore the beliefs that women can not be success and should only be of service to a man. They are the reason why women work hard today and do not need to depend on a man. <br /><br /><strong>Work Cited Page<br /></strong><br /> Primary Sources<br /><br /> "An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." Interview by Dianne Wells. An Oral History of Women Leaders in Memphis, December 12, 1979, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Chronology of Achievements: Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Feb. 1981, Box 1, Folder 5, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Current Resume’ for Marilyn Califf, Jan. 1977, Box 1, Folder 1, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, “Executive Woman in New Role,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), Feb. 12 1983. MSS 109. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, Washington, Pearl, “Pat Shaw: ‘Quiet’ Ways Make Career Her Business,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), April 7,1983. MSS 109.<br /><br /> Secondary Sources<br /><br /> Harbeson, Gladys. Choice and Challenge for the American Woman,Cambridge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967. <br /><br />_______________________________________________<br />[1]Gladys Harbeson, Choice and Challenge for the American Woman (Cambridge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967),86. <br />[2] Ibid. <br />[3] Ibid. <br />[4] ."An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." Interview by Dianne Wells. An Oral History of Women Leaders in Memphis, December 12, 1979, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. [5] Ibid. <br />[6] Ibid. <br />[7] Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, Washington, Pearl, “Pat Shaw: ‘Quiet’ Ways Make Career Her Business,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), April 7,1983. MSS 109. <br />[8] Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, “Executive Woman in New Role,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), Feb. 12 1983. MSS 109. <br />[9] Ibid. <br />[10] "An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." dge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967) <br />[11]“Executive Woman in New Role.” <br />[12] Ibid.<br /> [13] Current Resume’ for Marilyn Califf, Jan. 1977, Box 1, Folder 1, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Perservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library.<br /> [14] Ibid <br />[15] Ibid <br />[16] Chronology of Achievements: Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Feb. 1981, Box 1, Folder 5, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library.<br /> [17] Ibid. <br />[18] Ibid. <br />[19] Ibid. <br />[20] Ibid. <br />[21] Ibid.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016
Contributor
An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource
Allison Horne, Jennifer Capers, Kristy Smith, Lauren McConnico
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Homemakers club sponsors slide-lecture by quilt lady
Subject
The topic of the resource
Slide lecture on Contemporary Quilts by Marilyn Califf
Description
An account of the resource
The Terrell Jackson Homemakers Club sponsored a slide-lecture on Contemporary Quilts by Marilyn Califf, the Memphis “Quilt lady”. This event took place at the Home Economist Office of the County Agency Building on March 22. Tickets for this event were $1.00 and 75 seats were available. This program featured 100 slides of new and old quilts created by Marilyn Califf. Mrs. Califf also presented historical notes about each quilt and where the patterns came from. She designed some patterns herself from scratch, based on requests from customers. Mrs. Califf also wrote two books, “Your First Quilt” and “The Pillow Talk”, both available for purchase at this event. Marilyn Califf was not only a quilt maker, but also a teacher, writer, avid rock collector, graduate artist, and fabric merchant. She also designed kits for people to buy, in order to make their own quilts at home.
Marilyn Califf first began her career through mail order quilting where she experienced tremendous success and had clients from all over the world. Then in 1976 she opened her business in Memphis, TN titled ‘Contemporary Quilts, Home of the Quilt Lady’.Califf was an avid promoter of the arts in Memphis. Every year she attended the Tennessee Crafts Fair and entered some of her original designs for judging. Califf also passed down her knowledge of quilt making by teaching classes at the University of Memphis and Shelby State Community College.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Clarksdale Press
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
MSS 130, Box 1, Folder 17
Publisher
An entity responsible for making the resource available
University of Memphis Libraries
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
March 11, 1977
Rights
Information about rights held in and over the resource
Digital Image © 2016, University of Memphis Libraries Preservation and Special Collections Department. All rights reserved.
Spring 2016
workplace
-
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Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Workplace
Subject
The topic of the resource
Workplace, 2016
Publisher
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University of Memphis Libraries
Rights
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Digital Image © 2016, University of Memphis Libraries Preservation and Special Collections Department. All rights reserved.
Description
An account of the resource
The twentieth century gave women newfound freedoms that challenged the ideas of womanhood. As technologies advanced and conflicts arose, women were able to show their abilities through a new medium, the workplace. Female employment from the early twentieth century until the 1970s increased almost sixfold.[1] During this time, the greatest increase was seen during World War II. This time is marked by an increased need for manual labor and manufacturing jobs while men were away fighting the war. These jobs were seen as men’s work, and post-war men were able to return to their previous occupations. In many cases, women returned home or into clerical or service work. <br /><br />Women working outside of their homes in the earlier half of the twentieth century were generally poor and of lower social status. However, as educational opportunities broadened, women’s worldview began to expand. This is seen through their civic engagement, such as: Girl Scouts, Parent-Teacher Association, and nursery schools.[2] <br /><br />As opportunities grew for woman to learn and invest, it challenged the ideas that women were mentally and physically inadequate. From the early 1900s to the 1970s, many see a shift in the ideas of the role women should play. Women were no longer stuck in their position as service or clerical workers. Instead, the sharpest increase in female employment occurred in the middle-class in professional arena.[3] This is in stark contrast to most women who worked in low-paying, lessor jobs in the earlier 1900s. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw exemplifies the expanding opportunities for women in the workplace. She was born in Little Rock, AR but considered herself a native Memphian. Patricia’s parents had intentions of shielding her from any discrimination, as an African American and as a woman. She grew up in a tight-knit black community within Little Rock, experiencing little reality regarding the rest of the world’s view of minorities. At the age of 15, Shaw had dreams of following her grandfather’s footsteps in the world of business. She had plans to become a stockbroker. Shaw began going to school at Fisk University in Nashville, TN where she met her current husband and began studying business. After her time at Fisk, Shaw then transferred to the school of business at the University of Michigan and finished her schooling with a Master’s degree from the University of Chicago. After graduating, Patricia Shaw began to seek out jobs within that pertained to her degrees in business.[4] <br /><br />Business opportunities for women were limited in this era. In an interview Shaw stated that as a black female “there were no opportunities in that day.” [5] Tired of a dead end in her job search, Shaw was forced to look for another profession in social work. In order to find a job in social work at the time, those interested were only required to pass a test. Social work was considered a woman’s job in comparison to various careers in business. Shaw moved back to Nashville while working as a social worker and began to earn her masters in the field. After transferring to school in Memphis, Shaw decided to change career paths once again. Her grandfather’s company, Universal Life Insurance, was a corporation where she believed that her destiny lied. Shaw began working, with her father, for Universal in July of 1966 as a keypunch operator. Through her motivation to pursue a career in the business world and her refusal to acknowledge the world’s view of women as a minority, Shaw progressed in her company relatively fast. After six or seven years of working for Universal, Shaw’s hard work had paid off when she was promoted to become an officer for the company. She then progressed to become a vice president of Universal and then president after her grandfather’s death. Although Patricia Walker Shaw put forth hard work when in school and throughout her younger years, she still faced the discrimination of society when attempting to pursue a career in her dream field, a field that was predominantly white and male. After being forced to succumb to what was accepted, she took advantage of her family’s opportunities and accomplished her dreams as the president of Universal Life Insurance.[6] Considering the discrimination she encountered, Patricia Shaw became a very accomplished businesswoman despite many obstacles she had to endure. Along with being a woman in a male dominated business world, she was also a minority. Dr. E Walker, Shaw’s grandfather, founded Universal Life Insurance in 1923 and Shaw was determined to one day fill the shoes worn by her father and grandfather.[7] However, Shaw was not just given this opportunity; she worked her way up the ladder from the bottom to achieve her goal of one day becoming president of the company. Her work included keypunch operator, clerk and research analyst in Universal’s comptrollers division.[8] Shaw believed that her work as a research analyst and auditor of all the departments in Universal Life helped her succeed tremendously. “It really let me develop an overview and get a real feel for the whole company”.[9] Patricia Shaw soon began to make a name for herself in the business world in Memphis, TN. Patricia Walker Shaw successfully navigated the business world in a racially-divided and gender-conservative Memphis. In 1973 the Memphis City Council approved the Mayor’s appointment of Patricia Shaw to be the first woman in history of MLGW to serve on its board of directors. Mayor Wyeth Chandler said that “Mrs. Shaw had the business background for this position on the board and she seemed to be taking a responsible, concerned approach to board membership”. Shaw’s viewpoints of minority women and business was illustrated through a quote she gave the Memphis Press-Scimitar: “I see myself not representing just so-called minority group, but all people…the bigger issue is human rights”. So, because Shaw lived in an environment that sheltered her from racial and gender inequality, she saw herself equal to men-even white men and she did not let society’s norms stop her from achieving her goals. Shaw, however, also did not turn a blind eye to the issues women were facing during this time. In an interview, Shaw said, “I think it gave me a broad awareness that maybe we were thinking too narrow when we thought that prejudice was just a black problem” .[10] Patricia Shaw served as a board member and president-elect of The National Insurance Association, an organization of minority insurance executives.[11] Then in 1983, Shaw was appointed to be executive president of Universal Life Insurance after her father passed. This position made Shaw one of the nation’s top women executives and she aspired to pass down her knowledge to other aspiring business women.[12] <br /><br />Another example of women in the workplace is Marilyn Califf. Marilyn Califf was born in Memphis, TN on April 27, 1932.[13] She graduated from Central High School in 1950, and then attended The University of Miami.[14] She then transferred to Memphis State University in 1951.[15] In 1953, she married Leon Herman Califf and had two children with him. She was a stay at home mom until her daughter was ten and then attended the International University of Saltillo in Mexico.[16]In 1970, she began to design quilts, publish quilt patterns and operate a mail order business for quilting supplies and equipment. In 1971, she began the publication of Contemporary Quilts Catalog for Quilt designs and patterns.[17] She was awarded in 1972 for her quilts at the Tennessee Artist-Craftsman Association meeting in Nashville.[18] She began her teaching career by working for the Tennessee Vocational Rehabilitation office where she taught quilting to women on welfare.[19] She later taught a quilting course at Shelby State Community College. This job paid $15 per teaching hour which was a total of $180 for the course. The first semester went so well that she taught the next semester and her number of courses increased. She ended her teaching career at Shelby State Community College and she then began her business, Contemporary Quilts, which was located on Summer Avenue in Memphis, TN.[20] This was an active shop which differed from her previous mail order business. In 1975, she served on a committee to organize seminars for women in small businesses. It was sponsored by U.S. Small Business Administration. In 1976, she met with a consultant for The Nihon Vogue Publishing Company of Tokyo pertaining to a book on the American quilter’s art for Japanese market.[21] <br /><br />Marilyn did not have a hard time making herself known. Unlike Patricia Shaw, Marilyn’s work was still in the filed of what women are seen good at. Her career she chose could be done out of her house and she could run it the way she wanted to. She did not have a supervisor or anyone else over her. Many men that she had business with did not take her serious. She stood up and did not care what others thought of her. She made a career out of making quilts and she is still well known for her contributions to this day. Shaw and Califf both made themselves known in the business world. They ignore the beliefs that women can not be success and should only be of service to a man. They are the reason why women work hard today and do not need to depend on a man. <br /><br /><strong>Work Cited Page<br /></strong><br /> Primary Sources<br /><br /> "An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." Interview by Dianne Wells. An Oral History of Women Leaders in Memphis, December 12, 1979, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Chronology of Achievements: Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Feb. 1981, Box 1, Folder 5, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Current Resume’ for Marilyn Califf, Jan. 1977, Box 1, Folder 1, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, “Executive Woman in New Role,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), Feb. 12 1983. MSS 109. <br /><br />Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, Washington, Pearl, “Pat Shaw: ‘Quiet’ Ways Make Career Her Business,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), April 7,1983. MSS 109.<br /><br /> Secondary Sources<br /><br /> Harbeson, Gladys. Choice and Challenge for the American Woman,Cambridge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967. <br /><br />_______________________________________________<br />[1]Gladys Harbeson, Choice and Challenge for the American Woman (Cambridge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967),86. <br />[2] Ibid. <br />[3] Ibid. <br />[4] ."An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." Interview by Dianne Wells. An Oral History of Women Leaders in Memphis, December 12, 1979, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library. [5] Ibid. <br />[6] Ibid. <br />[7] Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, Washington, Pearl, “Pat Shaw: ‘Quiet’ Ways Make Career Her Business,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), April 7,1983. MSS 109. <br />[8] Patricia Walker Shaw Collection, “Executive Woman in New Role,” Memphis Press-Scimitar (Memphis, TN), Feb. 12 1983. MSS 109. <br />[9] Ibid. <br />[10] "An Interview with Patricia Walker Shaw." dge, MA: Schenkman Pub., 1967) <br />[11]“Executive Woman in New Role.” <br />[12] Ibid.<br /> [13] Current Resume’ for Marilyn Califf, Jan. 1977, Box 1, Folder 1, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Perservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library.<br /> [14] Ibid <br />[15] Ibid <br />[16] Chronology of Achievements: Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Feb. 1981, Box 1, Folder 5, MSS 130 Marilyn Iskiwitz Califf, Preservation and Special Collections Department, University of Memphis Ned McWherter Library.<br /> [17] Ibid. <br />[18] Ibid. <br />[19] Ibid. <br />[20] Ibid. <br />[21] Ibid.
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
2016
Contributor
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Allison Horne, Jennifer Capers, Kristy Smith, Lauren McConnico
Dublin Core
The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.
Title
A name given to the resource
Patricia Walker Shaw’s Resume
Subject
The topic of the resource
Women in the Workplace
Description
An account of the resource
In Patricia Walker Shaw’s resume she provides all of her educational background, work experience, and professional attainments. Beginning with her undergraduate degree in business administration from Fisk University, Shaw continued to earn business degrees from various colleges in order to accomplish her dream of becoming a stockbroker. After finishing school, Shaw began looking for jobs where she could apply her background in business but was unsuccessful, aside from being an accounting trainee at Tri-City Bank in Memphis. Since Shaw was unable her pursue a career in business, a male dominated occupation, she switched over to social work and attended the University of Tennessee in 1966 to receive a masters in the field. Through her connection with her grandfather, she began working for his company (Universal Life Insurance) in 1966. From then on, she was given frequent promotions until she earned her position of Vice President-Associate Controller in 1974. She later became president of Universal Life Insurance when her grandfather passed away. This took place after her 1974 resume had been written.
Creator
An entity primarily responsible for making the resource
Patricia Walker Shaw
Source
A related resource from which the described resource is derived
MSS 109, Box 1
Date
A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource
1974
Rights
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Digital Image © 2016, University of Memphis Libraries Preservation and Special Collections Department. All rights reserved.
Publisher
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University of Memphis Libraries
Spring 2016
workplace